{"id":4956,"date":"2024-06-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-31T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.isid.ac.in\/~cecfee\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=4956"},"modified":"2026-05-06T15:53:55","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T10:23:55","slug":"still-waters-run-deep-groundwater-contamination-and-education-outcomes-in-india","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.isid.ac.in\/~cecfee\/publication\/still-waters-run-deep-groundwater-contamination-and-education-outcomes-in-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Still Waters Run Deep: Groundwater Contamination and Education Outcomes in India"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We investigate the impact of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/groundwater-contamination\">groundwater contamination<\/a>\u00a0on educational outcomes in India. Our study leverages variations in the geographical coverage and timing of construction of safe government piped water schemes to identify the effects of exposure to contaminants. Using self-collected survey data from public schools in Assam, one of the most groundwater-contaminated regions in India, we find that prolonged exposure to unsafe\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science\/ground-water\">groundwater<\/a>\u00a0is associated with increased school\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/economics-econometrics-and-finance\/absenteeism\">absenteeism<\/a>, grade retention, and decreased test scores and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA). To complement our findings and to study the effect of one such contaminant, arsenic, we use a large nationally representative household survey. Using variations in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/soil-texture\">soil textures<\/a>\u00a0across districts as an instrument for arsenic concentration levels we find that exposure to arsenic beyond safe threshold levels is negatively associated with school attendance.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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